Turbine pump or motor



TURBINE PUMP OR MOTOR Filed Nov. 5, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet l Dec. 15, 1953 c. o. wrslslzmsAc` TAL .2,662,479 W TURBINE PUMP OR MOTOR 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 3, 1950 v ENToR. (H4/Q55 0 Wf/ff/V INV 546// @alf/V6 M @um/.7

Dec 15, 1953 c. o. wElsENBAcl-l r-:T AL

TURBINE PUMP OR MOTOR s Smeets-sheet s Filed Nov. 5, 1950 Patented Dec. 15, 1953 UhilTED STATiES iiaTEPJT QFFIQE South Eend, inni.,

Corporation, South or" Delaware and .lohn J. OBlenis, gnors to Bendix Aviation end, Ind., a corporation application November 3, 1956, Serial No. 193,952

(Cl. ISS-.96)

7i Claims,

This invention relates to fluid pressurizing apparatus and more particularly to improvements in turbine pumps.

In a turbine pump provided with single suction and discharge ports, liquid ows from the suction port into a channel enveloping the varies on each side of the impeller periphery. Under the action of the impeller wheel the liquid is pressurized at the same time it is circulated nearly a coroplete revolution in the channel, from which the fluid is then diverted out of the discharge port by a partition interposed between the suction and discharge ports. Pressure developed in the channel of the turbine-type being a minimum at the suction port and gra uport. This unequal pressure distribution in the channel between the suction and discharge port-s produces a large radial hydraulic unhalanoe on the impeller wheel, thus increasing the he.f "ne Because oi" this characteristic, tui'hine pumps of a given capacity must be constructed with large bearings compared to oth i' oi pumps having identical capacities. to the cost and weight or" construction, thus reducing the demand of this type pump where these factors are or primary importance.

balanced iinpeller wheel.

An important object oi the invention resides in the provi ion of a turbine pump equipped with two oppositeiy related pressurizing chambers wherein the pressures developedin the respective chambers are equal in magnitudeand opposite in direction., thus providing a .uuid pressure leale anced impeller wheel.

It is an object of the invention to provide a pump that produces only a slight pressure rise for a given reduction in flow.

A. further object of the invention resides in the provision of means for increasing the capacity of a turbine pump of a given size.

The above and other objects and features of the invention will be apparent from the following cle-- scription of the device taken in connection with the accompanying drawings which forro a part of this specication, and in which:

Figure 1 is a view in section taken on the line l-l of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a view in section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure l;

Figure 3 is a vector diagram of the Iiuid pressure distribution around the periphery of the impeller wheel; and

Figure 4 is a flow chart.

Referring now to Figure l of the drawings the housing having a main chamber or cavity iE' formed therein for the reception of a rotatably supported mpeller wheel ifi, equipped with transversely positioned blades or varies lo, extending radially inwardly from the wheel periphery and down each side thereof. Access to the cavity l2 is obtained through an opening ES in one end oi the housing. The opening is normally closed by a cover 2t securely held in place by bolts il which pass through a flange 2G of the cover and threadedly engage holes 2G in the housing proper. A seal E7, located in a groove 28 or the cover, prevents the escape of Huid pressure from the cavity i2.

The impeller wheel Ill is splined to a shaft fill, one end of which is supported by a bea" semhly 30, located in a hub 32, intergral wi 1, housing, the other end of the shaft is in a longitudinal bore 3ft of the cover needle bearing 35i,

fi in the bore provides a relatively .frictionless bearing for th said o hei end or" the shaft. The bearing assembly St in cludes ball bearings 3s which furnish a relativelv frictionless bearing for said one end of the shaft 5. The said one end of the shaft is formed with a radially extending ange lio, and the said other end or the shaft is threaded to receive a nut di?. Interposed between the flange e@ the nut il? are the following elements viz. an inner race dil of the bearing assembly 3G abuttine ange di?, an oil slinger ring a seal ff l the impeller wheel ifi. spacer washers and a sleeve 5ft inserted between washers. Tightening the nut i2 applic elements in fixed relationship to si id sha-f packing gland 5S encircles the oil slinger ring 16, and is interposed therebetween and the housing i0, to thereby seal the cavity i2 from annulus 58.

The outer end of the hub 32 is counterbored at 52 to receive an L-shaped collar Eil, one leg of which slides into the counterbore for engagement with outer race El; of the hearing structure 38, for retaining the same in place.

for threadedly engaging the outer end of the hub 32.

The left end of the shaft 29 protrudes beyond the end of the hub 32 for connecting said shaft to a prime mover, not shown, when the device is used as a pump.

The main chamber or cavity l2 of the housing is enclosed by lateral walls 12 and 1d and a bridge portion i6 connecting the walls. The lateral wall 'it is termed in part by the cover 20. Channels 83 and 32 are formed partly in the lateral walls and partly in the bridge portion i6. Transverse partitions Sil and 35, formed in the bridge portion l, and transverse partitions S25 and 3l, formed in the lateral walls l2 and lli, separate respectively the inlet or suction end o channel 63 from the outlet or discharge end of channel and the outlet or discharge end o channel from the inlet or suction end oi channel 82, thus providing two pressure chambers. The channels du and S2 envelop the vanes on each side ot the iinpeller wheel periphery, and each channel extends around the inside o the cavity, a greater part of half the impeller periphery. r)The channels are ci equal length, so that pressurization oi iluid takes place throughout the same fractional part of a revolution of the impeller wheel, thereby insuring the production of equal pressures in the two channels or pressure chambers The pressure developed in each oi the channels is a variable, being a minimum at the suction or inlet end and gradually increasing to a maximum at the discharge or outlet end, as illustrated in the schematic drawing, Figure 3, showing a vectorial luid pressure distribution around the periphery of the iinpeller wheel. As illustrated in the drawing, by the arrows F1, F2, etc., the distribution of fluid pressure in this fashion provides a hydraulically balanced irnpeller wheel.

The housing i6 is iormed with an inlet port or suction opening 33, adapted to be connected to a source of fluid, not shown, and an outlet port or discharge opening Sil, adapted to be connected to an engine, not shown, which requires pressurized fuel. A pair of passages 32 and communicate the suction opening 33 with t -e inlet ends of the channels Si! and S2 respectively. Passages 96 and 96 connect the discharge opening 66 with the outlet ends of the chambers 86 and S2 in that order.

Referring to the flow chart, Figure 4, curve A represents the ilow in pounds per hour oi iluid vs. the discharge pressure in pounds per square inch oi a turbine pump having a single suction opening and single discharge opening. The suction pressure was held at 30" l-lg absolute and the temperature of the fluid was 110 Fahrenheit.

Curve B shows the iiow vs. discharge pressure under the identical conditions as above for a turbine pump having the same impeller 'wheel size but incorporating the invention hereinbefore disclosed. With respect to curve B note the relatively small change in discharge pressure over the Wide range of flow.

Although this invention has been described in connection with certain specific embodiments, the principles are susceptible of numerous other applications that will readily occur to persons skilled in the art.

Having thus described the various ieatures o the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A turbine pump or motor comprising a housing, a channel formed in the housing, an impeller wheel rotatably carried within the housing and provided with vanes extending along each side of the impeller wheel, a partition in the housing extending across said channel and dividing the same into two diametrically related portions, a bridge in said housing cooperating with said vanes for radially dividing said channel into parallel pressure chambers, a suction port in the housing, a passage from the suction port to each of said chambers, a discharge port in the housing, and a passage in the same plane as said channel connecting the discharge port to each of said chambers and terminating in the respective chambers at points equidistant downstream from said suction passages, said chambers being so constructed and arranged that pressures developed therein are radially and axially balanced.

2. In a turbine pump or motor having a house ing with an entrance port and a discharge port therein, a curved channel formed in the housing, transverse partitions in said housing separating said channel into a plurality of cavities, an impeller wheel rotatably mounted in said housing provided with a peripheral web and having radially extending vanes along each side of said web, a bridge in said housing associated with said web for dividing said cavities into parallel chambers, an inlet and an outlet for each of said chambers, said inlets and outlets each having a diametrically related counterpart in the same plane, and a passage in the same plane as said channel for connecting said outlets with said discharge port.

CHARLES O. WEISENBACH. JOHN J. OBLENIS.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

